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Inclusive Education
Inclusive education is a system of education in which children with diverse needs and different abilities are enrolled in regular schools and are provided with equitable learning opportunities based on their specific needs. It is based on the premise that all school children in a given community should learn together regardless of their socio economic backgrounds, gender, impairments and different abilities. Inclusive education acknowledges that all children have the ability to learn, recognises that childrens’ learning abilities vary, provides space for learning and develops educational methods and teaching aids to meet the educational needs of all children. Schools recognize and take into account the diverse needs of children and barriers faced by their learners, adapt to different styles and rhythms of learning and provides quality education through the appropriate use of resources, entitlements, school organisation, study plans as well as partnership with the community. read more
A short note on the genesis of Inclusive Education in Karnataka
Resources
Create inclusive classrooms
- https://sites.google.com/gatewayschoolmumbai.org/ierc/for-educators/classroom-climate/mindset-and-learning - For having an inclusive classroom, it is important to have a growth mindset among teachers and learners. A positive growth mindset enables students and teachers to embrace failures and grab on opportunities to grow, it also encourages them to embrace the each others' differences.
- Click here- This is a school guide published by the UNICEF for schools to identify and support children with special needs from marginalized families. This guides also serves the purpose of identifying the challenges faced by these children and providing them the needed interventions.
- [Click here] The Index for DEVELOPING INCLUSIVE SCHOOLS published by NCERT (National Council of Educational Research and training) provides a detailed understanding about how to create and sustain inclusive environment in schools for education administrators, teachers and teacher educators.
- The Handbook of Inclusive Education published by Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) provides a detailed understanding about inclusive education and practices for teachers. It also includes sample checklists on how to identify different disabilities (including learning disabilities) in children and create a barrier-free environment for them in schools. The handbook also provides teachers about ways to adapt curriculum, teaching methodology, assessments etc. in an inclusive setting.
- Inclusion in Education- published by NCERT is a manual for school management committee to provide holistic education for all children. This manual also provides different barriers of inclusion and the role of school management to address them.
Teacher's experiences
- [Click here] Perspective on Teaching Children with Disabilities - published by Azim Premji University contains articles tracing the history of different organizations which have worked for several years to create opportunities for the education of children with disabilities, language acquisition, travel, opportunities for independence and respectful acceptance, among others.[Abstract]
- https://sites.google.com/gatewayschoolmumbai.org/ierc/for-educators/classroom-climate/building-a-class-community Teachers play an important role to build a positive and safe school community. Teachers need to help their students imbibe qualities like respect, acceptance, cooperation etc and thus encourage them to embrace each other’s strengths and weaknesses, personalities, interests, and individuality.
Children’s experiences
Community’s narratives
Learning Disability
Learning Disability is a type of Specific Learning Disability (SLD) where the students shows difficulty in certain skills that are need for the learning processes like reading, writing, speaking and problem solving due to various factors. Based on the difficulty of skill exhibited by students learning disabilities are further classified as dyslexia, dygraphia, dyscalculia and attention deficits. The child can exhibit mild to severe learning disabilities based on which teachers or support people need to analyze the kind of interventions to be provided at the right time.
Most of these mild to moderate learning disabilities can be resolved if it is identified at the early stages of childhood and given adequate help and accomodations. The schools need to special educators or resource persons to identify such learning difficulties in young children and help them overcome these learning challenges through modification of learning tasks, activities and motivation.
Some of these links will guide us to understand more on learning difficulties in children:
- https://www.iccons.co.in/index.php/Learning_Disabilities_Identifying- Identification of learning disabilities
- https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/conditions/dyslexia - Dyslexia- symptoms and treatment
Screening tests
- DALI (Dyslexia Assessment for Languages in India): It is a screening and assessment tool for dyslexia in regional Indian languages developed at National Brain Research Centre and supported by Department of Science and Technology.
- This website provides a list of tests for individually identifying students with learning disabilities. Click here
Assessment and Baseline
| Sl. no. | Assessment tool website link | Contents |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | https://dibels.uoregon.edu/about-dibels | DIBELS (Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills) consists of set standardized language assessment procedures, materials and guides for assessing the acquisition of literacy skills (mainly English) in students from kindergarten through class 8. |
| 2. | https://cbseit.in/cbse/2021/SAFAL/ | SAFAL (Structured Assessment For Analyzing Learning)- It is a competency-based assessment for grades 3, 5, and 8 and aims to strengthen the assessment system by promoting critical thinking, inquiry-based and analysis-based learning. |
| 3.` | https://schools.orientblackswan.com/teachersupport/ej/farubrics.aspx | This consists of standard English language assessment materials for different grades and can be useful for teachers to assess and identify language learning challenges in students. |
Teaching - learning resources
Foundational skills
Language learning
NCERT - Program evaluation report Multi-Lingual Education Orissa - Using a multi-lingual approach to teaching children resulted in significant improvement in learning levels of children. Similar approach would be relevant in all classrooms where students come with home language environments different from the languages taught in the school. This is usually the case with urban schools due to in-migration.
Media articles
Events and happenings
- Focus Group Discussion - FGD organised by RVEC & Seva-in-Action for Special Educators & IERTs from Bangalore, Mysore, Mandya, Tumkur and Ramanagar districts to understand their perception of inclusion, the challenges they face and how they overcome them. Date:2nd July 2014; Venue: DIET, Bengaluru Urban, Rajarajeshwarinagar, Bengaluru-98
Slideshow
Research
- Study Report On Diversity and Inclusion in Classrooms in Karnataka
- Understanding Inclusive Practice in Schools- Examples of Schools from India
- Matter of Quality_A Study of People’s Perceptions and Expectations from Schooling in Rural and Urban Areas of Uttarakhand
- Matter of Quality_A Study of People’s Perceptions and Expectations from Schooling in Rural and Urban Areas of Uttarakhand_ Report in Kannada
- Out of School Children Survey Guidelines_Final book 2013-2014
- An ecosystemic approach for understanding inclusive education: An Indian case study by Nidhi Singal
- Preservice Teachers' Attitudes and Beliefs Toward Student Diversity and Proposed Instructional Practices_A sequential Design Study
- The Resilience of Changes Promoting Inclusiveness_Fisher et al